Openssl decrypt with key and iv

The "openssl enc" command is used to encrypt and decrypt arbitrary ciphertext. txt Two One Nine Two plaintext_in_char. writing RSA key. Aug 18, 2021 · create a key and iv. Share Mar 24, 2013 · I do not believe I'm going to receive the password. I was given the session key and IV, which were encrypted with my key. However, both the standard (Sun/Oracle/OpenJDK) and BouncyCastle providers in Java implement PBKDF2 to derive only a key -- the way it is used in PBES2. (my background: I had to build a pdo secure session handler which encrypts/decrypts the session data so I ended up implementing AES-256-CBC using openssl extension) At the command-line, you can use the -P option (uppercase P) to print the salt, key and IV, and then exit. In this example, the `decrypt_openssl_aes_file` function takes the AES key, initialization vector (IV), path to the encrypted file, and path to the decrypted file as input. enc -e -aes256 -pbkdf2 -kfile symmetric Nov 19, 2019 · My goal is to decrypt a base64 encoded string. 2) I also had BlockSize set to 256 when it Mar 3, 2022 · As I Known OpenSSL uses the password and salt to generate Key(the actual encryption key) and IV. Examples: Feb 24, 2021 · const key = hashKey. – In PHP however, openssl_encrypt() and openssl_decrypt() expect a raw binary string. they produce from the password a long sequence, which they split in two, one half being the encryption key, the other half being the IV). Mar 12, 2018 · The IV is composed of bytes. print out the key and IV used then immediately exit: don't do any encryption or decryption. Although whatever I am encrypting in java, I am able to get the same while decrypting in java. A key, an initialization vector and a tag are used to encrypt and decrypt the data. com Jun 1, 2018 · Remember to use -K with the hex key and -iv with the hex IV. I guess that your existing code simply ignores everything beyond the first 64 bits. But I am not able to get the same output as they are getting while encryption. The key. Correct way to use php openssl_encrypt. /key_file -v. You can use this function e. The above command works fine. An array of available cipher methods. but the crypto:crypto_one_time/5 in Erlang. . そして、なぜ私は鍵とivが必要なのでしょうか。. You didn't convert these to hex correctly. In addition to the salt we also need to know the length of both the key and the IV. to check if the message was written by the owner of the private key. La longueur de tag n'est pas vérifié par la fonction. 4 . Simply use the hex2bin -function for a hexstring conversion to binary data. digest(). txt -out plain. OpenSSL generates a random 8 bytes salt during encryption, which is used to derive the key. 1 only the lower case variants are returned. print out the key and IV used. Whether these bytes can be represented as a string or not, does not matter. But when I use openssl C functions to do the same it fails. Oct 30, 2020 · bad decrypt. bin, decrypts it using the AES-256-CBC cipher with the key from secret. Indeed, given an encryption key, if the IV is chosen at random, and if you encrypt the same plain text twice, this won't result in the same cipher text. – In the event someone needs to integrate openssl and . openssl enc -d -p -aes-256-cbc -md md5 -in encrypted_file -out clear_file -pass file:. # openssl enc -nosalt -aes-256-cbc -k hello-aes -P -md md5 *** WARNING : deprecated key derivation used. on cli I can use the key to encrypt and decrypt. Note : Pass flag "-p" and openSSL will show what Key and IV are used. Related questions. \private-key. //get the key bytes (not sure if UTF8 or ASCII should be used here doesn't matter if no extended chars in passphrase) var key = Encoding. The salt is needed to convert the pass phrase into a key using a key derivation function (the proprietary EVP_BytesToKey in the case of OpenSSL). key>. Jan 26, 2024 · To decrypt data with OpenSSL, we can use the following command: openssl enc -aes-256-cbc -d -in encrypted. org" | openssl pkeyutl -encrypt -pubin -inkey public_key. I am using PHP 5. iv and tags should always be different every time data is encrypted. PHP solves this problem by truncating keys that are too long (too short keys are padded with 0 values), i. \encryptedfile -out decryptedfile -inkey . When applying a mode with IV, its size must be 16 bytes for AES (in general, the size of the IV corresponds to the blocksize of the cipher). Running the command fully works: openssl enc -base64 -d -aes-128-cbc -iv '{iv}' -K {hex_key} <<< {hex_enc_password} I'd like to do the exact same via the C api. Dec 5, 2020 · Some of the parameters used in the posted OpenSSL statement are insecure, e. The key and IV computation is explained in the EVP_BytesToKey documentation: The key and IV is derived by concatenating D_1, D_2, etc until -iv IV. g. OR. Note that creating multiple ciphertext with the same key and IV will not result in a secure cipher. See full list on opensource. plain -out mesg. I know there're many similar questions on stackoverflow, but nothing seems to work for me, so I kindly ask you not to flag this as There's a simple Cryptor class on GitHub called php-openssl-cryptor that demonstrates encryption/decryption and hashing with openssl, along with how to produce and consume the data in base64 and hex as well as binary. exe pkeyutl -decrypt -in . You ran the encryption Jul 18, 2022 · The encrypted data is returned in OpenSSL format, which consists of the ASCII encoding of Salted__, followed by the 8 bytes salt and the actual ciphertext. You've noticed that, but an encryption key is not something that you should just type in via your keyboard and md5()-ing anything is also never the Jul 20, 2020 · Usually it is derived together with the key form a password. GPG approach: GPG seems to need the Passphrase which does not seem to be the key i've used for encrypting. enc -p Jun 11, 2024 · For encryption it's enough to use any key and IV that satisfies the requirements of your cipher (which here is really algorithm PLUS mode, in spite of PHP's and OpenSSL's sometimes suboptimal naming); for decryption not only must the key and IV be valid for the cipher, but all three must be (exactly) the same as were used for the specific encryption you want to decrypt (info not given in the Q). Jun 4, 2018 · In the above command , plaintext is given in character format and key is given in hex format. e. "openssl des3" is really "openssl enc -des3". set OPENSSL=C:\Projects\WinTools\Tools\OpenSSL\x86\bin set Key= Oct 19, 2021 · You need to get the Cipher, Key, Padding, IV and the mode of operation the same for encryption and decryption regardless the programming language or platform. enc The key above is one of 16 weak DES keys. Return Values. Print out the key and IV OpenSSL provides a popular (but insecure – see below!) command line interface for AES encryption: openssl aes-256-cbc -salt -in filename -out filename. 函数不检查 tag 的长度。 调用者有责任确保 tag 的长度与调用 openssl_encrypt() 时检索到的 tag 的长度相匹配。 否则，如果给定的 tag 仅匹配正确 tag 的开头，解密可能会成功。 Feb 13, 2019 · Hence OpenSSL ends up using wrong key and IV and decryption fails even though you provided the correct ones. To convert an encrypted ec key into a non-encrypted ec key you can instead do: openssl ec -passin file:passphrase. This command reads encrypted data from the file encrypted. That will allow it to take that directly rather than prompting you for a password. txt Sep 9, 2016 · For iv you should use different random data each time encryption is made with the same key. 3. It's a Qt application, so the data's coming in and out as QByteArrays. So 3DES needs 64 bit IVs, not 192 bit IVs. Security warning: the program has no exception handling and is Dec 16, 2012 · If you specify a key and IV directly, then the salt does not even get into play. The -p option of openssl that outputs the key and IV, gives you these garbage bytes. It should lay the foundations for better understanding and making effective use of openssl with PHP. The authentication tag in AEAD cipher mode. Nov 2, 2020 · 2. Such Authenticated-Encryption with Associated-Data (AEAD) schemes provide confidentiality by encrypting the data, and also provide authenticity assurances by creating a MAC tag Oct 11, 2018 · So I followed openssl: recover key and IV by passphrase and managed to retrieve my salt, key and IV using -P in openssl. Once the private key has been decrypted, open the file and you should not see the text ENCRYPTED anymore. With -a option, openssl skips non base64 string (i. \openssl. digest(); const iv = hashIv. This page walks you through the basics of performing a simple encryption and corresponding decryption operation. txt Encryption code: Dec 19, 2016 · Encrypt DNS traffic and get the protection from DNS spoofing! Read more →. Their length depending on the cipher and key size in question. It is relevant for your situation and you are probably using the wrong one. enc. これは、暗号化についてよく Sep 25, 2018 · 2. the ECB mode and an iteration count of 1. It reads the encrypted data from the file, initializes the AES cipher with the key and IV, and decrypts the data. $ openssl enc -des-ecb -K e0e0e0e0f1f1f1f1 -in mesg. Print out the key . Mar 6, 2023 · Encryption. 0) handshake. For a list of available cipher methods, use openssl_get_cipher_methods. iterations:int = 1. openssl enc -nosalt -aes-128-cbc -in test -out test. 2 Mar 25, 2019 · Using openssl command line tools I can decrypt the blob successfully. tag の長さをこの関数はチェックしません。 この値の長さは openssl_encrypt() を呼び出した時に取得できるものと一致させなければならず、それは呼び出し側の責任です。 Like mentioned in the comments, there is a difference between -k lowercase and -K uppercase. Below is my code, can anyone see where I'm going wrong May 5, 2020 · The most obvious is that you are trying to read the IV from the file, but openssl enc in its default password-based mode derives both key and IV from password and salt -- even when using PBKDF2. Nov 20, 2020 · This is used as the AES-256 key (because binary data was probably wrongly assumed during the implementation), resulting in an invalid key, since an AES-256 key is exactly 32 bytes in size. key -out decrypted. In order to perform encryption/decryption you need to know: Your 警告. The documentation is also misleading in that it mentions a 'password' instead of 'key'. Decrypt the message: $ openssl pkeyutl -decrypt -inkey private_key. Try truncating it to 64 bits (16 hex characters) in rubu/OpenSSL. Feb 16, 2022 · EVP_CIPHER by default uses padding (except when not needed for stream ciphers and modes, but for aes-cbc it is needed) and as a result decryption is buffered by one block -- and the last (or only) block fails if the padding is wrong, which your data is. There are some most common defaults (AES-128, CBC mode, PKCS#7 padding, . So, OpenSSL is padding keys and IVs with zeroes until they meet the expected size. As the IV is XOR'ed with the first block of plaintext before encryption, this comes down to having no IV at all: you would directly encrypt the first block of plaintext with the block cipher. Also, using SHA256 as a key derivation function is not very secure. debug the BIOs used for I/O. -P. Just use first block as IV, and start to decrypt from second block. 1) The main issue with my original code (as in the question) is that you must initialize the BlockSize and KeySize on your RijndaelManaged instance BEFORE setting the key or IV. The cipher method. Feb 22, 2022 · You can have a look at the source code here to get an idea how the key and IV derivation takes place ( EVP_BytesToKey is not described that well, it is a proprietary mechanism within OpenSSL). Sep 18, 2015 · Commandline openssl enc by default uses password-based encryption (PBE) with salt, which means the actual encryption key, and IV when applicable which it is for CBC, are computed from the given password and a random salt value by a Password Based Key Derivation Function that makes it more difficult for an adversary to try password-guessing Parameters. Initialization Vector (IV) We use an IV in a cryptographic algorithm as a starting state, adding this to a cipher to hide patterns in the encrypted data. This option Dec 2, 2011 · If openssl is executed in the following way, it will use a password, and print the key and iv used. When it's asking you for a password, it is looking for ASCII which it will hash with SHA-256 (on newer builds) or MD5 (on older builds) before using directly as the key. In this method, the message is encrypted with the public key and can only be decrypted with the corresponding private Feb 22, 2021 · Run the open ssl command to decrypt the file. Properties of an IV. Also, i have installed the unlimited strength JCE policy. Dec 24, 2016 · openssl enc by default does password-based encryption and decryption, which means the actual key and IV (except for ECB, which has no IV) used for the cipher are derived by a hashing process called Password-Based Key Derivation Function (PBKDF) -- and a nonstandard one to boot; any argument you give as -iv is ignored -- which is good because Attention. Below you find a full encryption-decryption example with your algorithm "DES-EDE3-CBC". A function for it in PHP is openssl_encrypt. The actual IV to use: this must be represented as a string comprised only of hex digits. Finally, it writes the decrypted data to the specified file. When a password is being specified using one of the other options, the IV is generated from this password. disable standard block padding-debug. In the OpenSSL statement, key and IV must be specified with -K (not -k) and -iv (both hex encoded). The cipher method, see openssl_get_cipher_methods() for a list of potential values. It May 15, 2023 · The libcrypto library within OpenSSL provides functions for performing symmetric encryption and decryption operations across a wide range of algorithms and modes. This helps avoid the need to re-issue a new key after each invocation. jpg this gives me the proper m. bin -K $(cat secret. This option Oct 13, 2017 · You can however set the IV to all zeros. UTF8. PHP encryption using OpenSSL. Sep 8, 2021 · 2. txt. Basically, this is equivalent to hashing the password with a couple of MD5 invocations. I will show you a way how to do it with OpenSSL for a single task. txt -out file. bin. decrypted: The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog. Oct 25, 2021 · openssl_encrypt, openssl_decrypt key, iv. Using openssl enc -a -aes-256-cbc -pass pass:MYPASSWORD -p -in input. hex -in message. 4. Stack Overflow for Teams Where developers & technologists share private knowledge with coworkers; Advertising & Talent Reach devs & technologists worldwide about your product, service or employer brand Jan 8, 2024 · 3. Decrypt a file using a supplied password: . 1 Get iv string when performing Crypt::encrypt in Laravel. $ openssl rsa -in <encrypted_private. May 13, 2014 · Im trying to encrypt/decrypt aes a string and I keep getting an error when i decrypt it. First of all, I suggest you to try use as IV first 16 bytes of encrypted file. A table in my database has some fields that need to be encrypted. jpg file so I would assume. Sep 9, 2016 · データベースでは、128ビットキーを使用するAES暗号化を使用しているため、キーとは何かを知っていますが、openssl ivとは何ですか？. Public key cryptography was invented just for such cases. openssl_encrypt returns false. If you remove this -p option from the enc() function, that'll work. Nov 10, 2022 · Decryption gives s:4: "Test";. -z. You are using the wrong command to decrypt the key. When only the key is specified using the -K option, the IV must explicitly be defined. I converted them to hexadecimal so that I can use the following openssl command: openssl enc -d -aes256 -iv iv. 0 (yes, TLS 1. The key and the IV are given in hex. cat plaintext_in_char. So far I have only found examples where another java program does the encryption and generates these parameters. Nov 13, 2013 · The parameters "key and "iv" here are the input parameters to the cipher and the salt is required to randomize the cipher-text so it will not be the same for the same data. openssl enc -aes-256-cbc -in encrypted -pass "pass:password" -out m. key> -out <decrypted_private. Then, I'm encrypting a string using a key using the above code, and trying to decrypt that value using the below code and the same key. Please help me out with this. Note that if -aes-192-cbc is used instead of -aes-256-cbc, decryption will fail, because OpenSSL Mar 18, 2024 · We can also use a key file to encrypt our file. Aug 2, 2021 · 警告. enc -k PASS. OpenSSL command for decryption: openssl enc -aes-256-cbc -base64 -salt -d -md md5 -k <passphrase> -in encrypt. pem Side note: I was playing around with TLS and wanted to decrypt the premaster key sent by the client in a TLS 1. Apr 11, 2017 · Update: I have been trying to decrypt a string encrypted with Mcrypt using OpenSSL by converting the library to OpenSSL. The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog was encrypted into the May 22, 2024 · Encrypt a message: $ echo "LinuxConfig. So, the only option needed was: OPENSSL_RAW_DATA. C'est la responsabilité de l'appeleur de s'assurer que la longueur du tag correspond à la longueur du tag reçu quand openssl_encrypt() a été appelée. Basically, during encryption: salt:bytes = random(8) # 8 bytes = 64 bits. Hence you probably get inconsequential output for the salt. Parameters cipher_algo. Jan 29, 2020 · We went through a number of tests and permutations, using (Key, IV) tuples in hex, using passwords, with and without salts, and ultimately our testing came down to a simple check. 4 Jul 9, 2019 · I am trying to encrypt a string using OpenSSL EVP library, and decrypt subsequently using the openssl command from a linux terminal. Instead, a mode with an IV should be used and an iteration count of 10,000 or larger if performance allows. It is a common practice to preprend the message with the IV, so it's handy when you need to decrypt the message. txt -in encrypted. 0. ECB is an insecure mode Description ¶. May 5, 2018 · The key size should be 32 bytes for AES-256 and the IV is identical to the block size: 16 bytes. A non-NULL Initialization Vector. First try this: openssl enc -aes-256-cbc -pass pass:MYPASSWORD -P. options can be one of OPENSSL_RAW_DATA , OPENSSL_ZERO_PADDING . Example: With the posted OpenSSL statement, the plaintext. Using -iter or -pbkdf2 would be better. pem -out encrypted_message. After the key-file is generated, we can encrypt the sample file: $ openssl enc - in sample. There's a simple Cryptor class on GitHub called php-openssl-cryptor that demonstrates encryption/decryption and hashing with openssl, along with how to produce and consume the data in base64 and hex as well as binary. Compress or decompress clear text using zlib before encryption or after decryption. Is this possible with Java? Dec 29, 2017 · I'm working with cryptography on a project and I need a little help on how to work with openssl_encrypt and openssl_decrypt, I just want to know the most basic and correct way to do it. First, we need to create a key-file: $ openssl rand 214 > symmetric_keyfile. That key and iv can be substituted in the Java program above. That will work because CBC does not provide Sep 2, 2016 · The OpenSSL developers preferred to derive the IV from the password, just like the key (i. Openssl_decrypt() strips the padding after decryption. Would it be possible to decrypt the file with just Key and IV in gpg at all? OpenSSL approach: in case that hosting do not provide openssl_encrypt decrypt functions - it could be mimiced via commad prompt executions this functions will check is if openssl is installed and try to use it by default Jun 5, 2019 · The EVP interface supports the ability to perform authenticated encryption and decryption, as well as the option to attach unencrypted, associated data to the message. *** WARNING : deprecated key derivation used. For my case I must use the salt, key and iv values given to me to decrypt a file. Print out the key and IV Mar 5, 2022 · 2. Nov 29, 2018 · As for the use of the IV, you should not use a hard coded value, but rather use a unique IV for each message. This is the result: OpenSSL [des-ede3-cbc] encrypt php IV. You could find a lot of examples here on SO to see how the key derivation works and how you could use it programmatically in PHP. 2. slice(0, 16) Note, however, that this version is not compatible with the old one, i. Aug 7, 2018 · This was the code that generated the encryption, see if you can understand something and help me in the problem, the language to use to encrypt is C # and the language to decrypt and PHP 7. key) -iv $(cat iv. bin) -out decrypted. GetBytes(passphrase); //pad key out to 32 bytes (256bits) if its too short. Most PHP installations come with OpenSSL, which provides fast, compatible and secure AES encryption in PHP. key: <enter the password>. With the salt the key/IV pair can be reconstructed. only the first 32 bytes are used for the key. Jun 30, 2016 · So, do not add any padding option and you will get the right thing. 1. Encrypt a file using a supplied password: $ openssl enc -aes-256-cbc -salt -in file. Mar 15, 2021 · i want to decrypt an encrypted string using openssl in PHP, the string is encrypted in C# using this code: private static MemoryStream MsEncrypt = null; private static CryptoStream CsEncrypt = null; public static string EncryptStringToBytes(string plainText, byte[] key) using (var rijndaelConfig = new RijndaelManaged()) rijndaelConfig. Note that prior to OpenSSL 1. As the IV is unique for a message you need to store it together with the message. The password-based key derivation is a custom, undocumented scheme which, as far as password-based key derivation schemes go, is quite weak; see this answer (especially at the end) for some details. ) but it's better to properly specify the parameters to be sure. b64 -out message. The IV size needs to match the block-size, not the key size. 使用しようとしているコードはこれです。. $ cat decrypted_private. pem -in encrypted_message. We use a unique sequence or an IV for most modes of encryption. Print out the key and IV used. From its manual, it encrypts the data (parameter 1) with a given method (parameter 2), using the key and iv (parameters 3 and 5 Apr 21, 2021 · To your question: OpenSSL uses an outdated key derivation to generate the key and the necessary initialization vector (IV). I would like to use php functions openssl_encrypt and openssl_decrypt to write and read data in my php webapp. encryptions before this change cannot be decrypted after the change. NET without using the openssl wrappers, I'll share the results here. You can also use the -p (lowercase P) to print the salt, key and IV, and then proceed with the encryption. Luckily there are API calls for this. Oct 26, 2011 · I'm trying to decrypt a DES-encrypted file from an external source with a known key and IV using OpenSSL (other libraries aren't really an option, as the application links against it already and I don't want to introduce new dependencies). -bufsize number. The openssl saves the data in the file as follows: Saltet__;[salt][cipher-text] So to decrypt it the following steps should be made: the "Salted" prefix should be skipped Nov 5, 2020 · You are feeding the openssl_decrypt function with the (original) plaintext and not with the data encrypted by openssl_encrypt ("output"). openssl_public_decrypt () decrypts data that was previous encrypted via openssl_private_encrypt () and stores the result into decrypted_data. key. crypto_one_time(Cipher, Key, IV, Data, FlagOrOptions) use the Key and IV to decrypt, what I Known now is only password, so how can I decrypt the ciphertext in Erlang? print out the key and IV used. The OpenSSL encryption format is not well documented, but you can work it backwards from the code and some of the docs. the key and IV info) from the input, this is the reason why it works. it must either be Base64 decoded before decryption or the parameter OPENSSL_RAW_DATA must be omitted. Key = key; Sep 25, 2018 · I wondered whether anyone can help, I am using encryption method aes-256-gcm, I can encrypt, but cannot decrypt. The encrypted message to be decrypted. -p. Python has support for AES in the shape of the PyCrypto package, but it only provides the tools. 2 Encrypt decrypt Laravel 5. 1, the cipher methods have been returned in upper case and lower case spelling; as of OpenSSL 1. Just a friendly information regarding the security of your code: as you are using the AES algorithm in mode "CBC" it is necessary to use a random generated initialization vector ("iv") or your complete Aug 27, 2014 · openssl_encrypt, openssl_decrypt key, iv. bin, and saves the The actual IV to use: this must be represented as a string comprised only of hex digits. txt -out sample. and the Algorithm we have used to encrypt is AES128. The ciphertext seems to be Base64 encoded, i. txt on Windows we got: salt=E70092FEBA619144. Jun 30, 2016 · That is just one piece of what you need to decrypt the OpenSSL encryption format. openssl enc -aes-256-cbc -d -in encrypted -pass "pass:password" -out m. Jul 21, 2020 · They have shared the secret key and IV. Openssl_encrypt() adds PKCS7 padding to the plaintext before encrypting with a block cipher in CBC or ECB mode. Generally any language will validate the size of the key and IV before using it, but PHP has had the nasty habit (for both the OpenSSL and mcrypt API's) of padding it with zero's if it is too small or cutting part of it when it is too large. The input file must contain the raw ciphertext (for base64 encoding set -base64). The IV does not need to be provided for decryption since OpenSSL derives it from the password. 4. Check out the openssl enc man page for more info, and to read more about the -nosalt option as Oct 18, 2015 · 2. Finally, the key/IV pair can be used for decryption. encrypt. And as there is no password, also all salting options are obsolete. This is a file that contains encryption keys or license keys. 27. Enter pass phrase for encrypted_private. Jan 17, 2017 · The openssl tool indicates that a salt is being used by starting the encrypted string with the string 'Salted__' followed by 8 bytes of salt (at least for aes-256-cbc). A simplified PHP implementation of this key derivation function that is sufficient here is (since the IV is explicitly specified here with -iv, it is not derived along with the key): Nov 23, 2015 · So the all of this put together means you need to change the OpenSSLDecrypt method to this. Aug 29, 2019 · Note : The Key and Vector we are using are in Hexadecimal. Sep 30, 2020 · For the decryption in Python the salt and the actual ciphertext must first be determined from the encrypted data. key and the IV from iv. Nov 10, 2020 · Instead, the IV should be newly generated for each encryption and sent to the recipient along with the ciphertext (the IV isn't secret). public static String secret_key = "abc"; public static String secret_iv = "abc@243"; Aug 28, 2012 · Answer edited for modernity: You must check the return value from the call to EVP_DecryptFinal() (or EVP_DecryptFinal_ex()) in order to determine if you have successfully decrypted the ciphertext. Apr 17, 2016 · I'm trying to decrypt a base64 string which has been encrypted with aes256 in openssl. txt is converted into following hex by openSSL Mar 22, 2020 · The ECB mode doesn't use an IV. The failure seems to be related to wrong key and iv derived from passwd and salt. Because in general IV is the first block of ciphertext. set the buffer size for I/O-nopad. hex -K sessionkey. But if that doesn't work, then – of course – you can decrypt all message except first block. jpg -P If you don't want to use a heavy dependency for something solvable in 15 lines of code, use the built in OpenSSL functions. In order to increase the security, you should generate a random IV. jw te bv sj uu rh pc iu yi kz